From what I've discussed with Makita tool reps and online, apparently there were complaints about the large step-up in rpm/ipm between the medium setting and the high / max setting (3rd position) on the TD148 / XDT09Z. The TD170 / XDT12Z has a fourth step inserted in between med/hi that alleviates this concern.
Again, from much time researching online, it appears the "A" - Assist mode is meant for longer fasteners, where the screw will be driven more slowly at first start until it hits the required resistance, then it will speed up and start impacting. Slow 'n go at first, then rock n' roll.
"T" / Tek / Tech mode is the opposite. It speeds up initial rotation so self-tappers can get started, then it starts impacting.
I have a TD170 in green coming from Japan from the same seller as listed above. Besides the cool color and uniqueness of having Japanese lettered buttons, I wanted to be sure to get an impact made in Japan.
My concern appears to have been misplaced, because so far from what I've seen all of the XDT12Z's sold here in the U.S. have also been made in Japan. So was my Mak XWT08Z 1/2" Impact Wrench. Unsure of what the actual made-in-Japan component % has to be in Japan to qualify to be listed as "Made..." there, but its nice to start to see more and more tools coming out from there instead of China.
P.S. What's interesting is that on most sites or through most eBay sellers, the TD148 has a higher list price and is selling for a bit more than the TD170. Wonder why...?